Anthem Notes

These are the notes from the Anthem powerpoint we went over in class. It may be a good idea to print these out and stick them in your notebook. =) We are having a test on chapter 1 of Anthem on Tuesday, December 14, 2010.

Ayn Rand Background
- Ayn Rand was born in St. Petersburg, Russia, on February 2, 1905.
-At age six she taught herself to read.
-At the age of nine, she decided to make fiction writing her career.
-Thoroughly opposed to the collectivism of Russian culture, she thought herself as an European writer.
-The final Communist victory brought the confiscation of her father's pharmacy and periods of near-starvation.
-When introduced to American history in her last year of high school, she immediately took America as her model of what a nation of free men could be.

Anthem
-1st person plural (Anthem is his diary) describes his society and his attitude towards it.
-Constantly barraged with propaganda from the leaders, who preach the glory of working for one's brothers and the duty of fulfilling "the needs of the society."
-Leaders recognize Equality 7-2521's ability and considered to be a threat.
-Even to think of these times has been forbidden
-"What is not thought by all men..cannot be true...What is not done collectively cannot be good."
-Conformity, obedience, and sacrifice are the cause of human unhappiness and destruction.
-INDIVIDUALISM V COLLECTIVISM
Society in Anthem is a collectivist society.
The subjugation of the individual to the group whether to a race, class, or state does not matter.
In such a society, the individual is owned by the group; he has no right to lead his own life, pursue his own happiness or use his own property.
The individual exists only as part of a group.
Worth determined by his service to the group.
Communism (1818-1926) is one kind of collectivism, where the desires of the group are more important than the desires of the individual.
Ayn Rand was a high school student in Russia when it became Communist. Her father's pharmacy was confiscated and her family almost starved.

Selflessness
-Self is destroyed in a collectivist society
-No one has a personal name(relate to ID numbers)
Individuals are interchangeable
-To prefer one person to another is to commit the cardinal sin(i.e, choosing friends)
FREE WILL v. DETERMINISM
-Free Will- People can make choices, can make up their own minds, can make decisions, can direct their own lives by the ideas and values they adopt.
-Determinism-People are by nature in the grip of forces beyond their control, that their beliefs and values are the result of some force such as God, other people, the stars, economic conditions, instincts or one's racial heritage. (pre-determined)